Objective: Culture plays a prominent role in recognition and rating
of emotions. This study aims to develop a standardized measurement
tool specific to Türkiye for assessing affect and recognizing emotions.
The tool is designed to be brief and practical for use as a bedside test in
clinical settings.
Methods: Data were collected from 610 university students (psychology
majors). The scale consisted of 500 black-and-white photographs taken
under standard conditions by a professional photographer, depicting
seven emotions (anxiety, fear, anger, joy, surprise, disgust, and sadness).
Through four selection/elimination stages, the initial 500 photographs
were reduced to 22. Expert opinions were gathered to assess the content
validity of the test. Item reliability was assessed using the test-retest
method, and the reliability coefficient was calculated using the Gwet
AC1 technique. Following these stages, the final 20 photographs formed
the Brief Affect and Emotion Recognition Test (BAET).
Results: The normative emotion recognition percentages for the 20
items ranged between 42.2% and 95.6%. Normative affect intensity
scores ranged from 2.3 to 4.8. The Gwet AC1 reliability coefficient of
the BAET was calculated as 73.2.
Conclusion: In this study, a culture-specific test was developed to
measure affect and emotion recognition processes, and its content
validity and reliability were assessed. The findings indicate that the Brief
Affect and Emotion Recognition Test (BAET) is a valid and reliable
measurement tool, introducing a brief and practical test to the field.
Keywords: Affect, facial expression emotion recognition, rating scale