Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024Fall165166TRKorayBAŞAR10.5080/u27577Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallCinsiyet Kimliği ve Cinsel Yönelim Çeşitliliği ve Psikiyatri Meslek Etiği Kuralları16516610.5080/u27577TRKorayBAŞAR10.5080/u27577Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallFactors Related to Prevalence of Depression in Türkiye: A Population-Based StudyTürkiye’de Depresyonun Yaygınlığı ile İlişkili Faktörler: Nüfusa Dayalı Bir Çalışma16717710.5080/u27179ENTRNadire GülçinYILDIZKemalAYDINHalide Z.AYDINYohane V. APHIRIHaticeYILDIZ10.5080/u27179Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the adult population in Türkiye and to examine the relationship of depression with socio-demographic and behavioral variables and chronic diseases. Method: This sturdy utilized data from the 2019 Turkey Health Survey. The Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Module (PHQ- 8) was employed to assess depressive symptoms in the survey. Based on the analysis using the diagnostic algorithm of the PHQ-8, from a total of 17084 people aged 15+ years old who were, we selected 6.4% individuals with depressive symptoms. Then, we randomly selected 1101 individuals without depressive symptoms, comprising of a total of 2202 individuals as the study sample. We assessed the factors associated with depressive symptoms using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: The risk of developing depressive symptoms increased with age. Women were more likely to report depressive symptoms. Education, physical activity, and marital status were negatively correlated with reporting depressive symptoms. Further, social support was a protective factor to report depressive symptoms. The presence of chronic diseases was positively associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The results showed that point and annual prevalence of depressive symptoms were high. The findings provide a basis for further studies to explore the factors associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms in Türkiye. Our findings could serve as a reference to monitor depression in the country, as well as help in the planning of health resource and identify high risk segments of the population. Keywords: Depression, Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors, Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Oslo-3 Social Support Scale (OSSS-3), Diabetes, Hypertension, Coronary heart Disease, Low Back PainTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallFrequency of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Associated Factors Among Survivors of Van Avalanche: 6-Month Follow-up StudyVan Çığ Afetinden Kurtulan Kişilerde Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu Sıklığı ve İlişkili Faktörler: 6 Aylık İzlem Çalışması17818510.5080/u27191ENTRFarukKURHANGülsüm ZuhalKAMIŞDilemDİNÇİshakTEKİNMesutIŞIKCaferALHANAnıl CemreÖKMEN10.5080/u27191Objective: We aimed to evaluate the frequency of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), to determine the risk factors, and to monitor the change of symptoms after 6 months among individuals who survived the avalanche disaster in Van. Method: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 35 people who were rescued from two consecutive avalanche disasters in Van 2 months and 6 months after the avalanche disaster. The socio-demographic and clinical data of the cases were evaluated. The Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale-Self Report version (PSS-SR) and clinical interviews were used for PTSD diagnosis. The level of trauma was assessed by using the Impact of Event Scale (IES). Results: All participants were rescuers who went to the avalanche site for rescue mission. Of the cases, 16 were volunteers from the local community and 19 were professional rescuers. The frequency of PTSD was 71.4% in the early assessment, and 57.1% in the long term. Staying in avalanche for more than 30 minutes, the absence of a history of disaster exposure and being in the group of volunteers were found to increase the risk for PTSD development. Conclusion: There is a high risk of developing PTSD as a result of an avalanche. People who will intervene with the disasters should be educated and prepared in terms of preventing negative psychological consequences of the disaster. The relationship between the severity of trauma and PTSD was replicated in our study. Keywords: Avalanche, Psychiatric Disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress DisorderTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallThe Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors on Impulsivity in Young Adults with Major Depression in the Early Phase of TreatmentMajör Depresyonu Olan Genç Erişkinlerde Selektif Serotonin Geri Alım İnhibitörlerinin Tedavinin Erken Döneminde Dürtüsellik Üzerine Etkisi18619710.5080/u27423ENTRÇağrıÖĞÜTÇağrı ÇİMENTEPESEZER10.5080/u27423Objective: Whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) increase suicide risk, especially in young adults, is still a controversial issue. This study aimed to examine the change in impulsivity characteristics and to evaluate the relationship between impulsivity and suicidality in young adults with major depression who were started on SSRIs. Method: The study included 50 patients between the ages of 18-24 years with a diagnosis of major depression who were planned to start SSRIs. Participants were evaluated with the Beck Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Daily Impulsivity Scale (DIS), and Go/ No-Go Task (GNG) before and at the end of the first week of treatment. Results: Seventy percent of the patients (n: 35) completed the assessments at baseline and at the end of the first week. At the end of one-week there was a statistically significant decrease in the DIS (t=2.283, p=0.029) and commission errors in GNG (t=3.19, p=0.003). In addition, 7 out of 11 patients who had suicidal ideation at the first evaluation did not continue to have suicidal ideation at the end of the first week and there was a significant decrease in the severity of suicidal ideation at the end of the follow-up (W:132.0, p<0.001). Conclusion: One-week SSRI use in young adults resulted in a decrease in impulsivity in self-report scales assessing state impulsivity and in the GNG. It was observed that the severity of suicidal ideation decreased at the end of the one-week treatment period. Keywords: Depression, Impulsivity, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, SuicideTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallEvaluation of Catatonia with Different Assessment Scales in Psychiatry and NeurologyPsikiyatri ve Nörolojide Katatoninin Farklı Ölçeklerle Değerlendirilmesi19820610.5080/u27363ENTRİbrahim MertERDOĞANAslıAYTULUNKezban BurcuAVANOĞLU3ÖzgeTÜRKOĞLUNilgün OKTARERDOĞANŞ. CanGÜRELSevilayKARAHANBrendan T.CARROLLM. KâzımYAZICIA. Elif ANILYAĞCIOĞLU10.5080/u27363Objective: Catatonia is a syndrome that can be missed in clinical settings. Diagnosis of catatonia is important because the condition can be reversible and is associated with severe complications. This study aims to screen patients with catatonia admitted to a university hospital’s psychiatry and neurology services, examine their characteristics, and compare the coverage of different catatonia scales. Method: During a consecutive 20 months study period, the Turkish adaptations of the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating and the KANNER scales were administered in psychiatry and neurology inpatient units and patients on the waiting list for psychiatric hospitalization. The participants were also evaluated with DSM-5 criteria. In addition, the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients in the psychiatric group were compared. Results: A total of 214 patients were evaluated. Twenty-eight (13.1%) screened positive for catatonia, and 23 (82.1%) were diagnosed with catatonia according to DSM-5 criteria. KANNER and Bush- Francis identified the same patients as having catatonia. In addition to schizophrenia and mood disorders; neurodevelopmental disorder, encephalitis, postpartum psychosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, delirium, cerebrovascular disease, functional neurological symptom disorder have also been found to be associated with catatonia. The most common complication was urinary tract infection. Life-threatening complications were also observed. Conclusion: Overlooking catatonia may have dire consequences. Adhering solely to the DSM-5 criteria may miss some patients with catatonia. Widely and efficiently using standardized catatonia scales can improve detection capacity and enhance the management of morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Catatonia, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Diagnosis, Neurology, Mental Disorders, Mood Disorders, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Psychotic Disorders, SchizophreniaTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallExamining the Relationship Between Behçet’s Disease and Depression, Anxiety, and Sexual DysfunctionsBehçet Hastalığı ile Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Cinsel İşlev Bozuklukları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi20721310.5080/u26895ENTRİlknur KİRAZAVCIAslıSARANDÖL10.5080/u26895Objective: People with Behçet’s Disease, as many individuals with chronic diseases, often face depression, anxiety, poor quality of life and sexual problems. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate depression, anxiety, and sexual dysfuntions in people with Behcet’s Disease. Method: A total of 100 participants, 50 patients (29 female) and 50 healthy volunteers (28 female), participated in the study. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) were administered to the participants. Results: Depression and sexual dysfunctions were significantly related with Behçet’s Disease. In our study, all female participants with Behçet’s Disease had problems in sexual functions. Erectile dysfunction was more frequent in participants with Behcet’s. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between depression and orgasmic function (p=0.004), sexual desire (p=0.028), sexual satisfaction (p=0.023), and general satisfaction (p=0.028). There was a significant difference between people with Behçet’s Disease (10.54±6.45) and healthy group (7.36 ±6.13) in depression scores (p=0.009). Patients with systemic involvement and those with mucocutaneous involvement were found to be similar in terms of BDI and BAI scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: Behçet’s Disease was found to be a risk factor for depression and sexual dysfunctions. Keywords: Behçet’s Disease, Sexual Function, DepressionTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallThe Effect of Aging on Face-Name Recognition: An fMRI StudyYaşlanmanın Yüz ve İsim Tanıma Üzerindeki Etkisi: Bir fMRG Çalışması21422410.5080/u27095ENTRÖzgülUSLUSedaEROĞLUKayaOĞUZDamla İŞMANHAZNEDAROĞLUMehmet CanERATAYiğitERDOĞANÖykü YAVUZKANAli SaffetGÖNÜL10.5080/u27095Objective: The aim of this study is to detect functional changes in the brain during the memory task with aging and the association between functional changes and memory performance. Method: The study consisted of Young Adult Group (YAG, n=20) aged 20 to 25 and Late Adult Group (LAG, n=18) aged 60 to 70. Individuals with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores above 21 and no family history of Alzheimer’s Disease were included in the study. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scanning was performed on all participants during a memory task including encoding (face and name), face and name recognition sub-tasks. Results: Results indicated that LAG showed increased activity during face recognition task in left posterior cingulate cortex, left superior frontal cortex, left fusiform face area and another increased activity was found out during name recognition task in left superior frontal cortex, right prefrontal cortex, left anterior + posterior cingulate cortex. The accuracy of face recognition and name recognition memory tests were significantly lower in LAG (respectively, p=0.026; p=0.001). Conclusion: These results indicated that advanced age were associated with more widespread activation in brain during memory task. Thus with aging, individuals require more neuronal and cognitive resources during memory processing. Keywords: Cognitive Neuroscience, Memory, Aging, fMRITürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallReliability and Validity of Turkish version of DSM-5 Substance Use ScaleDSM-5 Madde Kullanımı Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Formunun Geçerliği ve Güvenilirliği22523310.5080/u26697ENTRDenizALÇITalatSARIKAVAKCüneytEVRENVahapKARABULUTTuranÇETİNÖmerAYDEMİRDSM-5 Ölçek ÇalışmaGrubu10.5080/u26697Objective: This study aims to evaluate the severity of substance use disorders according to the DSM-5 criteria and to show the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Substance Use Scale that improved to learn what kind of substances are used. Methods: In this study,54 in or out-patients who met the criteria for any substance use disorder according to DSM-5 and who are receiving treatment in Psychiatry Department of Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine and AMATEM department of Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mahzar Osman Mental Health and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, were included. One hundred volunteers without any mental or physical disease were also recruited as the control group. Beside the DSM-5 Level 2 substance use scale, Addiction Profile İndex was used for concurrent validity. Internal consistency coefficient and item-total correlation analysis were performed for reliability analysis. ROC Analysis was used in the validity analysis. Results: Mean age was 26.97±10.20 years in the study group and 39% of the sample (n=60) were female. 5.6% (n=3) of the patient group were female and 94.4% (n=51) were male. In the control group, 57% (n=57) were female and 43% (n=43) were male. Of the patients diagnosed with substance use disorder (n=54), 88.7% had opiate use disorder, 5.6% had polysubstance use disorder, 5.6% had other (unknown) substance (synthetic cannabinoid) use disorder and 1.8% of patients have cannabis use disorder. The internal consistency of the substance use scale was 0.80 and itemtotal correlation coefficients were between 0,196- 0,643 (p<0.0001). Coefficient of correlation analysis with API was calculated as r=0.806 (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The results showed that DSM-5 Substance Use Scale is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used to measure the progress of different dimensions of alcohol and substance use. Keywords: DSM-5, Substance Abuse, Substance-Related Disorders, Reliability and ValidityTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallThe Role of Cannabis in the Development of PsychosisEsrarın Psikoz Gelişimindeki Rolü23424410.5080/u27122ENTRÖzgeTÜRKOĞLUAygünERTUĞRUL10.5080/u27122Cannabis is known to cause psychotic disorders, and the increasing use of cannabis constitutes an important health problem. Growing evidence that cannabis causes the development of psychosis has led to an increase in the number of studies in this field. This review aims to clarify the role of cannabis use in the development of psychosis, discuss the current literature about the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. For this purpose PubMed was searched for the keywords “cannabis use, psychosis, schizophrenia, endocannabinoid system, pathophysiology, neurobiology”; the articles published in the last 10 years were reviewed. Epidemiological studies showed that cannabis use starting at an earlier age is associated with an increased risk of psychosis, this risk is more pronounced in people with genetic predisposition and increases with heavy and high potency cannabis use. Studies showed that the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in nervous system development and functions as a homeostatic regulator in physiological processes, is affected by cannabis use during critical periods of development like adolescence; cannabis use affects physiological processes such as synaptic pruning due to the effects of this system on neurotransmitters like glutamate and dopamine leading to long-term behavioral and psychological consequences. Additionally, evidence that dysfunctions in the endocannabinoid system play a role in the etiology of schizophrenia suggests that cannabis affects the disease process by worsening existing dysfunctions in this system. Understanding the relationship between cannabis use and the development of psychosis and underlying neurobiological mechanisms will help to identify new treatment targets, and develop appropriate preventive approaches. Keywords: Cannabis Abuse, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Endocannabinoids, NeurobiologyTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallLoss of Consciousness After Naltrexone Implantation: A Case ReportNaltrekson İmplant Uygulaması Sonrasında Gelişen Bilinç Kaybı: Olgu Sunumu24524710.5080/u26711ENTROğuzhanDOĞAN10.5080/u26711Naltrexone is an μ opioid receptor antagonist that is used in alcohol and opiate use disorder. Naltrexone does not constitute tolerance and dependence, and cessation of the drug does not cause withdrawal symptoms. Sustained release form of naltrexone has been developed due to patient compliance issues. There is currently only one sustainedrelease form available in Turkey, which is inserted subcutaneously. In this case report, we present, a probable serious side effect of sustained release naltrexone implant. A 36 years old male with alcohol use disorder, developed a sudden clouding of consciousness one hour after the naltrexone implant application followed by anterograde amnesia in the next 8-10 hours. We were not able to detect any medical or neurological reasons for the altered mental status but after the removal of the naltrexone implant, the symptoms improved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to report clouding of consciousness and anterograde amnesia after naltrexone implantation. Keywords: Naltrexone Implant, Side Effect, Alcohol Use Disorder, Lethargy, ConsciousnessTürkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633532024FallKlingsor Syndrome: Genital Self-Mutilation in a Psychotic PatientKlingsor Sendromu: Psikotik Hastada Genital Self Mutilasyon24825010.5080/u26945ENTRSabaÇİÇEKErmanŞENTÜRKBehçetCOŞAR10.5080/u26945Self-mutilation attempts are common in psychiatric practice. One form of self-harm, genital self-mutilation (GSM), is less common but may have severe consequences. GSM acts can occur in different diagnoses such as personality disorders, substance abuse disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and psychotic disorders. When GSM is performed due to psychotic symptoms, the clinical picture is called Klingsor Syndrome. GSM is often associated with severe psychosis and often accompanied by religious delusions. In our article, we discussed a case of schizophrenia with penile autoamputation due to religious delusions. A 28-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital after penile autoamputation. After surgical interventions, the patient’s follow-up continued in our clinic. The patient had auditory hallucinations, delusions of persecution, and sinfulness. His symptoms improved after antipsychotic treatment. It is important to identify the risk factors of Klingsor Syndrome, which is a rare but serious condition, and to intervene early in these patients. Keywords: Self-mutilation, Psychosis, Self-injurious Behavior