Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringEditorialA7A8TRBerna DiclenurULUĞ128210.5080/u27123

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringResilience and Associated Factors in SchizophreniaŞizofrenide Dayanıklılık ve İlişkili Etmenler11010.5080/u25738ENTRGüliz ŞENORMANCIOya GÜÇLÜÖmerŞENORMANCI128310.5080/u25738Objective: Resilience in schizophrenia has been associated with multiple clinical variables that, to the best of our knowledge, do not include impulsiveness, aggression and also personality and insight with possible influences, which remain as poorly investigated topics. This study investigated the relationships of resilience with depression, aggression, impulsivity, personality and insight in order to assess the factors that explain resilience in schizophrenia. Method: The study included 139 individuals with clinically stable schizophrenia. Data were acquired by means of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), the Schedule for Assessment of Insight (SAI), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated (EPQR-A), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, 11th version (BIS-11) and the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). Correlations of the scores of the RSA with the scores of the other psychometric scales and the demographic and clinical data were evaluated. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors predicting resilience. Results: The PANSS total and general psychopathology scores and scale scores on depression, impulsiveness and aggression were negatively correlated with resilience scores. Attentional impulsiveness, neuroticism and depression predicted low levels of resilience. There were no significant correlations between insight and the total or subdimension scores of resilience except for the subdimension structural style. Conclusion: Treatments focusing only on clinical remission in schizophrenia are not sufficiently effective. Interventions for enhancing resilience in schizophrenia should consider depressive symptoms, attentional impulsivity and personality traits such as neuroticism.

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringEffect of Structured Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on Body Weight, Mental Status and the Quality of Life in Obese and Overweight Individuals: A 16-Week Follow Up StudyObez ve Aşırı Kilolu Bireylerde Yapılandırılmış Bilişsel Davranışçı Grup Terapisinin Vücut Ağırlığı, Ruhsal Durum ve Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi: 16 Haftalık Bir Takip Çalışması112110.5080/u25606ENTRBahadırGENİŞAycanKAYALARAslıhanDÖNMEZBehçetCOŞAR128410.5080/u25606Objective: It was aimed in this study to investigate the effects of group cognitive and behavioral therapy (CBT) on the body weight, depression, anxiety, quality of life, self-esteem, dietary cognitive distortions and eating behavior of obese and overweight people. Method: The study was carried out at the Department of Psychiatry, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, between 01.07.2017 and 31.12.2017. The participants attended group CBT sessions once weekly for eight weeks. Reinforcement sessions took place at the 12th and 16th weeks. At the first, 8th, 12th and the 16th weeks, body weights were measured and the participants were asked to complete the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Obese Individuals Specific Quality of Life Scale (OISQLS), the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Diet Related Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DRDAS). Results: The group mean age was 41.71±4.46 years, 32 (91.4%) being female. Significant improvements were found in body weight and the scores on the BDI, BAI, DEBQ, OISQLS, DRDAS, and the RSES (p<0.001 for each). The average percent weight loss was 10.2%. The BDI score was the best predictor of the change in body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: CBT-based group treatments for obese and overweight people are effective in losing weight. Therapy participants with less depression symptoms benefit more from treatment and lose more weight. These results should be re-evaluated in randomized controlled trials.

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringThe Investigation of Transdiagnostic Role of Obsessive Beliefs: Comparison of Clinical Groups Diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety Disorders and Depression with University StudentsObsesif İnançların Tanılar Üstü Rolünün İncelenmesi: Obsesif- Kompulsif Bozukluk, Kaygı Bozuklukları ve Depresyon Tanısı Almış Klinik Grupların Üniversite Öğrencileri ile Karşılaştırılması223110.5080/u25933ENTRMujganINOZUEmrahKESERSemaERELBurçin AKINSARIA. BikemHACIÖMEROĞLUKamil NahitÖZMENLER128510.5080/u25933Objective: The present study aimed to investigate whether the dysfunctional obsessive beliefs are specific to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using three different clinical groups including OCD, depression, and anxiety and a control group of university students. Method: The participants of the study comprised three patient groups with OCD (n=53), major depressive disorder (MDD, n=67), anxiety disorders (AD, n=73), and a group of university students (n=477). The short version of the Obsessive Belief Questionnaire (OBQ-20) was used to measure obsessive beliefs. The Semi-Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-I), the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory- Revised Form, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait Form were used to assess the severity of the symptoms. Results: The scores of the three patient groups were significantly higher on the OBQ-20 as compared to the university students. It is noteworthy that the OBQ-20 scores did not significantly differ between the three patient groups except on the ‘importance of thought’ (ICT) subscale showing significantly higher scores in the group with OCD in comparison to the patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Conclusion: The results suggest that obsessive beliefs may have a transdiagnostic mechanism with a possible role in the etiology and maintenance of a broad range of different psychopathologies, except in relation to the ‘importance and control’ of thoughts. Investigating the common processes underlying different psychopathologies is important for the etiological explanation and future treatment of the disorders.

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringThe Bidirectional View of Mother-Infant Interaction by Gaze and Facial AffectAnne-Bebek Etkileşimine Çift-Yönlü Bakış Açısı: Bakış ve Yüz Duygulanımı324310.5080/u25794ENTRYaseminKAHYASaitULUÇYusufKARA128610.5080/u25794Objective: The aim of this research was to assess gaze behaviors and facial affect expressions in mother-infant interaction within the frame of self-contingency and interactive contingency, reflecting self-regulation and interactive regulation, respectively. In Model 1, second-by-second changing gaze behaviors (on partner’s face/off partner’s face) and in Model 2, facial affect expressions (from positive to negative) were examined. Self-contingency reflects the variability or stability in gaze directions and facial affect expressions in each partner. Interactive contingency reflects the degree of mother-infant gaze and facial affect attunement or interactive regulation relative to each other. Method: Sample was composed of 56 healthy mother-infant dyads. All infants were 4 months old, and mean maternal age was 29.61 (SD=3.71). Mother-infant interactions were filmed at the lab. Interactions were coded second-by-second for mother-infant gaze behaviors and facial affect expressions with video microanalysis method. The analysis method was multilevel-multivariate time series analysis. Results: According to Model 1-2, mother-infant gaze behaviors and facial affect expressions were neither too stable nor too variable, rather, the change in gaze behaviors and facial affect expressions in each partner showed predictable patterns. Mothers regulated their gaze behaviors and facial affect expressions in relation to that of their infants. Infants regulated their facial affect expressions in relation to their mothers’ facial affect expressions, but infant gaze interactive contingency to mother gaze was marginally significant. Conclusion: In interactions, infants and mothers regulate the rhythms of their own behavior and at the same time contingently coordinate with that of the partner. This bi-directionally regulating environment is the foundation of infants’ relationship expectations and bio-socialbehavioral regulation capacity, which may be related to psychopathology in future.

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringThe Validity and Reliability of Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children-Short Form in Turkish AdolescentsBorderline Kişilik Özellikleri Çocuk Ölçeği–Kısa Formunun Türk Ergenlerinde Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması445210.5080/u25637ENTRFatmaCOŞKUNÖmer FarukAKÇAAyhanBİLGİÇCarlaSHARP128710.5080/u25637Objective: This study has aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children-Short Form (BPFSC-SF-TR) in Turkish adolescents. Method: The study was carried out with adolescents between the ages of 12-18 from clinical (N=168) and community (N=181) backgrounds. All participants were asked to complete the BPFSC-SF-TR, the Personality Belief Questionaire - Short Form (PBQ-SF), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5- Short Form (PID-5-SF) scales. Also, the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version-Turkish Version (K-SADS-PL-TR) was administered to the participants in the clinical group and their parents were asked to complete the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PEDsQL). Test-retest correlations and the Cronbach’s α coefficients were calculated. Results: BPFSC-SF-TR scores of both groups of participants positively correlated with the PBQ-BF borderline subscale, the PID-5-SF borderline related facets and the BSI scores, and negatively correlated with the PedsQL in the clinical group. Furthermore, the clinical group had higher total BPFSC-SF-TR scores than the community group, and their scores positively correlated with the number of diagnoses and psychiatric symptoms determined by using the KSADS-PL-TR. Exploratory and multi-group confirmatory factor analyses of the data of both groups supported a single factor structure. The Cronbach’s α of the scale was 0.84 in the clinical group, and 0.79 in the community group. The test-retest reliability correlation coefficient of the scale was 0.71. Conclusion: The BPFSC-SF-TR is a valid and reliable tool for Turkish adolescents.

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringEffects of Age, Gender and Education on Phonemic and Semantic Verbal FluencyYaş, Cinsiyet ve Eğitim Düzeyinin Fonemik ve Semantik Sözel Akıcılık Testi Puanları Üzerinde Etkisi536410.5080/u25553ENTRÖzlem ERDENAKİBurcuALKANTalatDEMİRSÖZBergeVELİBAŞOĞLUTuğbaTAŞDEMİRSerap PİRİERBAŞKerimSELVİİclalERGENÇElifBARIŞKINPınarÖZDEMİRBaşaranDEMİR128810.5080/u25553Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain normative data for Verbal Fluency Test and investigate the effects of age, gender, and education on verbal fluency in native Turkish-speaking individuals. Method: A pilot study was conducted to determine 3 letters with differing levels of difficulty for completing the phonemic fluency task. First names and animals were chosen for the semantic fluency task, and an alternating semantic task (first name-animal) was also used. In total, 415 participants (208 male and 207 female) were recruited and stratified based on the age and education levels. Results: Level of education had a main effect on all verbal fluency tasks; people with higher education performed better. Age and gender were found to have no effect on phonemic verbal fluency. Only the < name production task was affected by gender, women performed better. Younger age groups produced more words in name generation and semantic alternating fluency tasks. Conclusion: The effects of age, gender and education on verbal fluency are in accordance with many previous reports. Analysis of various errors were also conducted. Results for Turkish are presented and discussed in the light of literature.

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringA Case of Astasia-Abasia as Early Onset Conversion Disorder Triggered by Psychosocial Stress FactorsPsikososyal Stres Faktörleriyle Tetiklenen Erken Başlangıçlı Konversiyon Bozukluğu Olarak Astazi-Abazi Olgusu656810.5080/u25272ENTRGülen GÜLERAKSUOzanKAYARMuhammet EminTANMeryem ÖzlemKÜTÜKGülçinBOZLUFevziyeTOROS128910.5080/u25272Conversion disorder is defined as the loss or change of motor, sensory, and autonomic nervous system-related functions that cannot be explained completely with organic causes. The etiology of the disease may be explained by psychoanalytic theory, learning theory, sociocultural factors, and some traumatic life events besides genetic and neurobiological factors. The onset is usually between late childhood and early adulthood. The disorder occurs after a high rate of psychosocial stressors and the symptoms can vary. While astasia, as one of the possible complaints in conversion disorder, is defined as not being able to stand due to loss of motor power or sensory loss; abasia is identified as patients having no apparent motor problem but not being able to walk properly. Both conditions can be of organic as well as the psychogenic origin. In this paper, the clinical signs of a seven-year-old boy who was admitted to emergency service of Mersin University Faculty of Medicine with the complaints of astasia and abasia but was found to have conversion disorder is presented. The results of the medical examinations and the possible psychosocial stress factors behind these symptoms, as well as the treatment process of the case, were shared. With this report, we is aimed to draw attention to the importance of early diagnosis of the disorder, the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach in the treatment process, and the handling of psychosocial factors leading to somatic symptoms.

Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı DerneğiTurk Psikiyatri Derg1300-21633312022SpringRestless Legs Syndrome Due to the Use of Trazodone: A Case ReportTrazodon Kullanımına Bağlı Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu: Bir Olgu Sunumu707210.5080/u25787ENTRBarışYILBAŞ129010.5080/u25787Many case reports have demonstrated that using antidepressants and especially the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and the noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepresants mirtazapine and mianserin can lead to restless legs syndrome (RLS). However, there are disagreements in the results of the limited number of investigations on the relationship of RLS with antidepressants. Trazodone is a frequently used antidepressant with complex agonistic/antagonistic effects on the serotonergic system and moderate blockage on the histamine receptor. This report dicusses the case of a 39-year old female patient who developed RLS after using trazodone (100mg/day) prescribed by her pscyhiatrist for treating her insomnia complaints. We have learned from the patient’s statement that she felt burning, tingling and restlessness in her legs, that started from the first night of the treatment and caused an urge to move her legs. The effects were attributed to trazodone and the treatment was discontinued. The patient reported at her control examination the disappearance of RLS symptoms one day after discontinuing trazodone use and the complete improvement of her insomnia complaints.